Science vocab

Pamela V.
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Full list of words from this list:

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  1. dominant allele
    an allele that produces the same phenotype whether its paired allele is identical or different
    The Nature of Alleles

    A dominant allele is an allele that is almost always expressed, even if only one copy is present.
  2. allele
    any of the forms of a gene that can occupy the same locus
    Methylation also plays an important role in genomic imprinting, which occurs when both maternal and paternal alleles are present but only one allele is expressed while the other remains inactive.
  3. gamete
    a mature sexual reproductive cell
    This is because mitochondria are only found in the female gametes or "eggs" of sexually reproducing animals, not in the male gamete, or sperm.
  4. heterozygous
    having dissimilar alleles at corresponding chromosomal loci
    If the alleles are different, they are said to be heterozygous.
  5. homozygous
    having identical alleles at corresponding chromosomal loci
    If both alleles are the same, the gene is said to be homozygous.
  6. chromosome
    a threadlike strand of DNA that carries genes
    In 1909, Danish botanist Wilhelm Johanssen coined the word gene for the hereditary unit found on a chromosome.
  7. amino acid
    organic compounds containing an amino group and acid group
    Proteins are long chains containing as many as 20 different kinds of amino acids.
  8. transcribe
    write out, as from speech or notes
    In addition, a eukaryotic gene does not code for a protein in one continuous stretch of DNA. Both exons and introns are "transcribed" into mRNA, but before it is transported to the ribosome, the primary mRNA transcript is edited.
Created on 五月 14, 2010

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